Examine the nature of Judicial Review system in India.

Judicial review is the power of a court to review and potentially invalidate a law or governmental action that it determines to be unconstitutional. In India, the power of judicial review is vested in the Supreme Court and the high courts.

The Indian Constitution grants the Supreme Court the power to declare a law or executive action unconstitutional if it goes against the provisions of the Constitution. This power is exercised through the writ jurisdiction of the Court, which allows individuals to petition the Court for relief against any authority that has violated their constitutional rights. The Supreme Court also has the power to review its own judgments and orders, as well as those of the high courts, in order to ensure their consistency with the Constitution.

The high courts also have the power to review and potentially invalidate laws or executive actions that they determine to be unconstitutional. In addition, they have the power to issue writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and the enforcement of any other legal right.

Judicial review serves as an important check on the powers of the legislative and executive branches of government, and helps to ensure that they act within the limits set by the Constitution. It also helps to protect the rights of individuals by providing a mechanism for them to challenge laws or actions that infringe upon their constitutional rights.

Overall, the judicial review system in India plays a crucial role in upholding the rule of law and the supremacy of the Constitution. It helps to ensure that the actions of the government are in line with the principles and values set forth in the Constitution, and serves as an important safeguard for the rights and freedoms of individuals.