Explain about Demographic transition.

Demographic transition is the process of transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country or region develops economically. It is characterized by four stages:

Stage 1: Pre-industrial society, characterized by high birth rates and high death rates due to disease, war, and lack of medical facilities.

Stage 2: Transition to an industrial society, characterized by falling death rates due to improved medical facilities, sanitation, and other social and economic developments. Birth rates remain high due to cultural and social factors.

Stage 3: The post-industrial stage, characterized by falling birth rates due to increased access to education, employment opportunities, and family planning facilities. Death rates continue to decline due to advances in medicine and public health.

Stage 4: The final stage, characterized by low birth and death rates, resulting in a stable population.

India is currently in stage 2 of the demographic transition. Its birth rates have been decreasing over the past few decades, but they are still relatively high compared to developed countries. Death rates have also been decreasing due to improvements in public health and medical facilities. However, India's population is still growing rapidly due to the large number of people in their reproductive years.