Give a brief account of the industrial and agricultural policy of the GOI between 1858-1914

The Industrial and Agricultural policy of the Government of India between 1858 and 1914 was characterized by a mix of intervention and non-interference. Some of the key policies and measures implemented during this period are summarized below:

The East India Company, which was the ruling authority in India until 1858, had a policy of promoting agriculture and trade to generate revenue for the company. However, it did not encourage the development of indigenous industries as it saw them as a potential threat to its own interests.

After the transfer of power to the British Crown in 1858, the government adopted a policy of "laissez-faire" or non-interference in the economy. It believed that the market should be left to operate freely and that the government should not interfere in the operations of businesses.

The government did, however, intervene in certain sectors such as railroads, telegraphs, and postal services, which it saw as essential for the functioning of the economy and for the development of the country. It also established a number of regulatory bodies such as the Indian Councils Act of 1861 and the Indian Companies Act of 1866 to oversee the functioning of businesses and ensure compliance with the laws.

The government also encouraged the development of agriculture by providing loans to farmers, setting up agricultural banks, and establishing agricultural research institutes. It also introduced new crops such as wheat, cotton, and opium to increase agricultural production.

The government also took measures to promote the development of industries such as textiles, iron and steel, and chemicals. It established a number of industrial commissions and committees to study the state of the industries and recommend measures for their development. It also provided financial assistance to industrialists through loans and subsidies.

However, the government's industrial policy was largely geared towards serving the interests of foreign investors and businesses. It provided tax exemptions and other concessions to foreign companies, which often led to the suppression of domestic industries.

Overall, the industrial and agricultural policy of the Government of India between 1858 and 1914 was characterized by a mix of intervention and non-interference, with a focus on promoting the interests of foreign investors and businesses.