Highlight the changes introduced by the 73rd Amendment Act in the Panchayati Raj System.

The 73rd Amendment Act, also known as the Panchayati Raj Act, was a constitutional amendment that was passed in 1992 with the goal of decentralizing power and giving more authority to local governments in India. The amendment made several changes to the panchayati raj system, which is the system of local self-government in rural areas of India. Here are some key changes introduced by the 73rd Amendment Act:

Constitution of Panchayats: The Act provided for the constitution of panchayats at the village, intermediate, and district levels. These panchayats were given the power to legislate on a range of issues, including local development, taxation, and the provision of public services.

Elections to Panchayats: The Act mandated the holding of regular elections to panchayats at all levels. These elections were to be held on the basis of adult franchise, and one-third of the seats were reserved for women.

Powers and Functions of Panchayats: The Act defined the powers and functions of panchayats at different levels, including the preparation of plans for economic development and social justice, the maintenance of public property, and the provision of basic amenities such as water, electricity, and healthcare.

Finances of Panchayats: The Act provided for the devolution of financial resources to panchayats, including grants and loans from the state and central governments. Panchayats were also given the power to levy and collect taxes and fees.

State Finance Commission: The Act established a State Finance Commission to review the financial position of panchayats and to make recommendations for the devolution of financial resources.

State Election Commission: The Act established a State Election Commission to conduct elections to panchayats and to ensure the smooth functioning of the panchayati raj system.

Overall, the 73rd Amendment Act aimed to empower local governments and give them a greater role in decision-making and the provision of public services. It was a significant step towards decentralization and the devolution of power in India.